Abstract:
This research has three objectives: 1) To study and analyze the context, problems, and theoretical concepts of community dispute mediation according to modern principles; 2) To extract lessons learned from community dispute mediation in the Lao Peoples Democratic Republic; and 3) To propose a model for community dispute mediation in the Lao Peoples Democratic Republic. This was conducted through in-depth interviews with 20 key informants from Ban That Sampang Village, Soukhouma District, Champasak Province, Lao Peoples Democratic Republic. Qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis.
The research findings revealed that:
1) Community mediation in the Lao Peoples Democratic Republic plays a crucial role in resolving disputes, especially in non-violent civil cases. The foundation of this mediation stems from customary traditions and cultural wisdom passed down through generations. Mediation in the Lao PDR is deeply connected to these traditional practices, with village elders, community leaders, Buddhist monks, or respected local figures serving as neutral intermediaries. This practice has gained support from the Lao PDR government, leading to the appointment of community leaders nationwide to serve as mediators.
2) The research presents new knowledge in the form of a community dispute mediation model for the Lao Peoples Democratic Republic. This model was developed by utilizing interviews, document analysis, and community leader focus group meetings to gather information on community mediation. Lao society highly values harmony and unity, making mediation popular due to its non-adversarial and non-confrontational nature. This aligns with cultural values that emphasize maintaining relationships and minimizing conflict. Rituals and ceremonies, sometimes involving religious or traditional practices like the Baisi Sou Khuan ceremony, are occasionally incorporated into the mediation process. These rituals help strengthen bonds, heal emotional wounds, and restore community relationships. By preserving community relationships, this process not only resolves immediate disputes but also promotes long-term peace and mutual understanding.