The Comparative Study of The Efficiency of In-Person and Online Grade Delivery. To Develop the Process for Submitting Grades Faculty of Architecture and Fine Arts University of Phayao
Abstract:
The objective of this research was to compare the efficiency of manual and online grade submission methods among instructors of the School of Architecture and Fine Arts, University of Phayao, in order to propose process improvement guidelines. The sample consisted of 42 instructors. Data were collected using questionnaires and open-ended questions. The statistical methods used for data analysis included frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and t-test. The findings revealed that instructors were highly satisfied with the manual grade submission method (Mean = 3.94, SD = 1.05), particularly in the aspect of accuracy and reliability. The online grade submission method, however, received the highest level of overall satisfaction (Mean = 4.55, SD = 0.61), especially in the aspects of time efficiency and convenience. A comparative analysis indicated statistically significant differences between the two methods in all aspects (p < .01), with the online method demonstrating higher efficiency. Qualitative data revealed that the manual method was prone to delays, excessive use of resources, and cumbersome procedures. In contrast, the online method, despite its advantages, faced challenges such as user inexperience, unclear interface, and occasional data entry errors. Based on the results, the study recommends the development of user-friendly digital interfaces, detailed instructional materials, and a support system to enhance the effectiveness of the online grade submission process.