Clean conversion technology of oil-palm empty fruit bunch for a zero waste concept

Name: Patcharaporn Attasophonwattana

LCSH: Kasetsart University -- Theses. M.Eng. (Mechanical Engineering) 2021

Classification :.LCCS: TP339

LCSH: Kasetsart University. -- Department of Mechanical Engineering -- Theses

LCSH: Hydrothermal carbonization

LCSH: Biomass gasification

LCSH: Green technology

LCSH: Oil palm

Abstract: Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and water washing are recognized as effective treatment processes for improving the fuel properties of oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB). This study aims to investigate the effect of pilot-scale HTC and water washing on the gasification performance of EFB, and also develop a clean conversion of high-moisture biomass by utilizing the remaining liquid product obtained from HTC as a feedstock in an anaerobic digestion system (AD). In the experiment, the hydrochar derived from EFB (HT-EFB), and its washed hydrochar (HTW-EFB) were gasified under various temperatures (700-900 °C) and atmospheres (air and CO2/O2). The results revealed that HTC and water washing can improve fuel properties by reducing moisture and alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEMs). The kinetic study exhibited that the weighted average activation energy (E) of HTW-EFB was higher than that of Raw-EFB and HT-EFB, which was 58.60 kJ/mol. The tar yield was generally reduced with the increase of reaction temperature, as well as the char yield. The removal of AAEMs by water washing also had significant effects on the tar formation during gasification. The tar components showed that the gasification of HT-EFB generated less tar product and its composition had lower aromatic hydrocarbons as compared to HTW-EFB. The CO2, CO, H2, and CH4 were the main compositions of syngas produced at 800 °C. The CO, H2, and CH4 were gradually increased, while the CO2 kept decreasing. The highest H2 concentration occurred in the syngas generated from CO2/O2 gasification of HT-EFB, which accounted for 22.0%. Biomethane potential test showed that the highest biogas production from the liquid product was 383.8 L/kgCOD (methane concentration of 56%) for an F/M ratio of 1:2, indicating that the liquid product from the HTC was able to use as a carbon source for anaerobic digestion. All these results indicated that the integration of HTC, gasification, and AD system was an effective approach to produce energy without wastes generation.

Kasetsart University. Office of the University Library

Address: Bangkok

Email: tdckulib@ku.ac.th

Name: Chinnathan Areeprasert

Role: Thesis Advisor

Created: 2021

Modified: 2025-07-20

Issued: 2025-07-20

วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis

application/pdf

URL: https://www.lib.ku.ac.th/KUthesis/2564/patcharaporn-att-all.pdf

CallNumber: TP339 .P38

eng

DegreeName: Master of Engineering

Level: Master's Degree

Descipline: Mechanical Engineering

Grantor: Kasetsart University

©copyrights Kasetsart University

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