Abstract:
This research aimed to 1) study the current state and problems of results-oriented strategic management processes in basic education institutions, 2) examine the results-oriented strategic management processes of organizations that apply SOAR or OKRs concepts, and 3) develop and validate guidelines for results-oriented strategic management in basic education institutions through the integration of both concepts. The sample consisted of 382 school administrators or acting school directors, teachers, or personnel responsible for policy, planning, or quality assurance in educational institutions. Data were collected using a questionnaire on the state and problems of results-oriented strategic management processes in basic education institutions, employing a 5-level rating scale with 30 items. The instrument demonstrated discrimination power ranging from 0.435 to 0.879 and reliability of 0.981. Data analysis was conducted using means and standard deviations for each item, presented in tables with descriptive analysis. Additionally, qualitative data were collected through interviews with 6 experts selected through purposive sampling, using an interview guide on results-oriented strategic management processes of organizations implementing SOAR and OKRs concepts. The draft guidelines were validated by 9 experts, also selected through purposive sampling, using focus group discussions to examine accuracy, feasibility, and appropriateness. The research findings indicated that: 1) The current state of strategic management in basic education institutions showed significant problems with traditional strategic planning tools having limitations in driving educational quality development, inability to create results aligned with stakeholder needs, and lack of consideration for contexts consistent with global transformation trends. 2) Results-oriented strategic management processes of organizations applying SOAR concepts emphasized positive analysis through key components including strengths, opportunities, aspirations, and results, while organizations applying OKRs concepts focused on setting clear, measurable objectives and key results linked to organizational goals. 3) The developed guidelines for results-oriented strategic management in basic education institutions through SOAR and OKRs integration comprised 5 components: (1) introduction and fundamental concepts, (2) integrated strategic school management process consisting of 4 stages strategic analysis, strategy formulation, strategy implementation, and strategy evaluation and control, (3) evaluation framework for successful integration of SOAR and OKRs toward educational outcomes, (4) strategic integration through SOAR and OKRs, and (5) recommendations. The validation results indicated that experts considered the developed guidelines to be theoretically sound and academically consistent, feasible for practical implementation, and appropriate for the context of basic education institutions in Thailand, particularly regarding the emphasis on positive perspectives and concrete results orientation.