Development of multi-trait rice for climate change by marker-assisted backcrossing

Name: Thanyalak Jampa.

LCSH: Kasetsart University -- Theses. M.S. (Agronomy) 2022.

Classification :.LCCS: SB191.R5

LCSH: Kasetsart University. -- Department of Agronomy -- Theses.

LCSH: Rice -- Breeding.

LCSH: Rice -- Effect of stress on.

LCSH: Plants -- Effect of temperature on.

Abstract: Heat is one of the major abiotic stresses that affect plant development especially at the reproductive stage which usually results in yield loss. Resilient rice varieties, which can survive and maintain yield production under erratic environments are in demand. This study aimed to develop aromatic rice for the ability to set seeds under high temperature using marker-assisted backcrossing. Four new SNP markers were developed for heat tolerance selection in this program. The heat tolerance locus was introgressed from a well-known heat tolerant variety Nagina22 (N22), to introgression lines by a cross with RGD which is tolerant to submergence and resistant to blast, bacterial leaf blight and brown planthopper. The introgression lines, BC1F1 were selected using seventeen high-throughput markers. The heat validation was carried out in ninety-one BC1F2 lines. The population was divided into four groups by the combination of heat alleles on chromosome 1 and 4. Pollen viability (PV) and spikelet fertility (SF) were evaluated under control (33°C) and heat stress (48°C, 6 hours) during the flowering stage. N22 and Sinlek were included as tolerant and susceptible checks respectively. We found that PV had a strong positive correlation with SF (r=0.91, p<0.01) in both treatments. Hap 1 (1RP,4DP) had the highest PV and SF (96% and 72%), which was significantly higher than other haplotypes. Remarkably, Hap 1 fertility was 10% higher than RGD, and 17% lower than N22. This suggests that the Hap1 allele combination can promote SF. The next generations were generated targeting only Hap1 genotype. The BC1F3, BC1F4, and BC2F3 selected lines containing Hap1 were screened in heat stress treatment at flowering stage by using SF as heat tolerant index. Selected BC1F3 lines were found to have 22% significantly higher SF than RGD under natural field in dry season 2021 (41°C). Selected BC1F4 and BC2F3 lines had higher SF than RGD under natural field (22-34°C) and greenhouse (30-52°C) in 2022. Our results indicate that the developed heat markers associated with heat tolerance and correspond to previous studies. The selected lines were also validated for desirable traits under abiotic and biotic stresses. Five improved lines were produced after plant type selection from this molecular breeding program. These improved lines have the potential to survive and improve yield production under unfavorable environments.

Kasetsart University. Office of the University Library

Address: Bangkok

Email: tdckulib@ku.ac.th

Name: Chanate Malumpong

Role: Thesis Advisor

Name: Watchareewan Jamboonsri

Role: Thesis Co-Adviso

Created: 2022

Modified: 2025-06-24

Issued: 2025-06-24

วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis

วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis

application/pdf

URL: http://www.lib.ku.ac.th/KUthesis/2565/thanyalak-jamp-all.pdf

CallNumber: SB191.R5.T44

eng

DegreeName: Master of Science

Level: Master's Degree

Descipline: Agronomy

Grantor: Kasetsart University

©copyrights Kasetsart University

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