Abstract:
This study aimed to assess the needs for developing parental participation in the educational management of schools under the Sakon Nakhon Primary Educational Service Area Office 1. The study was conducted in three phases. Phase 1 was to identifying key components of parental participation. The key informants consisted of five experts, who evaluated the propriety of the identified components and indicative behaviors. The instruments included a synthesis form and a 5-level rating scale questionnaire. The statistics used were frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Phase 2 was to assess the needs of parental participation development. The participants consisted of 338 school administrators and teachers, which were recruited using multi-stage sampling. The tool included a 5-level rating scale questionnaire, which the part of actual state indicated validity index ranged from 0.60 to 1.00, discrimination power index ranged from 0.43 to 0.91, and reliability index was at 0.98, whereas desirable state indicated validity index ranged from 0.60 to 1.00, discrimination power index ranged from 0.34 to 0.89, and reliability index was 0.98. Statistics used were mean, standard deviation, and priority needs index. Phase 3 was to composed the parental participation development. The key informants included five experts. The tool consisted of a 5-level rating scale questionnaire. The statistics used were mean and standard deviation.
The findings were as follows.
1. The parental participation in educational management consisted of six principal components and 29 indicative behaviors, namely collaboration with the community (6 behaviors), decision-making (4 behaviors), parenting (5 behaviors), home-based learning support (5 behaviors), volunteering (4 behaviors), and communication with the school (5 behaviors). In overall, the components and indicative behaviors showed the highest level of propriety.
2. The actual state of parental participation in educational management was found to be at moderate level, whereas the desirable state was at high level.
3. The need of parental participation tin the aspect of home-based learning support show the highest priority need for development.
4. The development guidelines of parental participation development in the aspect of home-based learning support showed 15 strategies. The strategies indicated the highest level of propriety, and showed high level of feasibility.