Abstract:
The objectives of research were to 1) analyze the pattern, language, and social reflection of the lullabies from Lampang province, 2) analyze the factors affected the changes and existence of lullabies in Lampang province. The research methods were fieldwork and interview form for surveying the informants. The informants divided into 2 groups were 12 informants for lullaby contents and 468 informants for the existence of lullabies.
The research found that, the patterns of Lampang lullabies divided into 3 types were rhythms, introduced words, and objectives. The rhythms of lullabies had 4 styles of singing; Aeu, Khaw, joy, and Saw. The introduced words of lullabies were Sigjoongja, E-aei hei and the objectives of singing consisted of soothing, teaching, and threatening, respectively. The patterns of these lullabies were not been strict even though they were the same styles. The lullabies would be changed by styles of singers.
The language of lullabies found 397 Northern dialect words in total. These words were classified into 6 types. The most found was Noun (180 words), Verb (146 words), Adverb (55 words), Preposition (8 words), Pronoun (7 words), and Conjunction (1 word). The most found Nouns were about animal, plant, and building-place. These nouns reflected apparently that the lullabies related to natures reflecting the local identity of Lampang province.
The social reflection found 11 facets of society consisted of 1) culture, 2) communication, 3) taboo and beliefs, 4) livelihood, 5) love, 6) role and duty, 7) philosophy and teaching, 8) wisdom, 9) identities, 10) career, and 11) infrastructure and public health. All facets were a tool reflecting clearly about the social condition of Lampang in the past.
Factors affected the lullabies of Lampang came from age range, education level, and technology development. The age range showed that the first generation (15-25 years old) and the second generation (35-45 years old) admired to use the modern popular songs or borrowed the lullabies from other areas. The third generation (55-65 years old) still used the old version of them. The difference of age ranges affected the lyrics of lullabies. The education level showed that the higher education they had, the more variety of songs they used. The technology development replaced the way of singing with turning on mobile phone, cassette, and other media. the lyrics and content were adapted following the mood of singer and social condition as well. The lullabies were existed at present but tended to decrease extremely because there were found mostly in rural areas. In addition, the way of singing and lyrics were changed following the current situation.