Abstract:
The purposes of this research were (1) to study the current situation of administration according to the Buddhist good governance of ethnic groups in the Western, (2) to analyze the administrative model according to the Buddhist good governance, and (3) to present the model of the Buddhist good governance: administration mechanism for peaceful coexistence of ethnic groups in the western. This research was a mix of methods between quantitative research using questionnaires as a tool to collect field data from a sample group of 400 ethnic people in western Thailand under area context in Ratchaburi Province (Chinese ethnicity, Yuan, Mon, Khmer, Lao Wiang, Lao Suong, Karen), and data were analyzed by using a package for social science research and qualitative research by in-depth interviews with the monks and religious scholars in Ratchaburi province from a specific randomness according to a representative of an appropriate group of 10 people then analyzed the data by means of content analysis, trying to maintain the original expressions and improve the clarity of communication and meaning. Using specific group discussions with government heads, ethnic community leaders and religious scholars from a specific randomness according to the representative of the appropriate group of 8 people by analyzing the data obtained with descriptive content analysis.
The findings of this research were following;
1. The current situation of administration according to the Buddhist good governance of ethnic groups in the Western in overall, it was at a high level with an average of 4.00 when considered on each side and found that it was at a high level in all aspects. When sorting from the side with the highest mean to the lowest, it was found that the side with the highest mean, namely, the virtue side had the mean of 4.08, followed by the transparency with the mean of 4.03, the value side had mean value 4.03,the side of law had mean of 3.97, participation side with the mean of 3.96 and responsibility side was at 3.92, respectively
2. The administrative model according to the Buddhist good governance found that (1) as for the rule of law, there was a form of government based on the Dharma-discipline as the highest constitution, form of government based on the Sangha Act and a model of no penalty without the support of discipline and law, (2) in terms of morality, there were forms of governing principles, forms of using principles in government and campaigning for the dissemination of virtues, (3) in terms of transparency, there was a form of disclosure of useful, honest, timely and complete information and the format of constant meetings, (4) in term of participation, there was a form of decentralization of duties and responsibilities to competent persons, (5) on the responsibility side, there was a pattern of suppression the problems and a form of punishment, and (6) in terms of value, there was a model of putting the right man on the right job in Buddhism and patterns of using resource with sufficiency on the middle path.
3. The model of the Buddhist good governance: administration mechanism for peaceful coexistence of ethnic groups in the Western that proper and in line with the current situation, found that the Buddhist good governance was an administrative mechanism for peaceful coexistence as its having morality as an essential element in all principles and acted as a harmonization of all principles, that was, the model of the governing mechanism for the peaceful coexistence of ethnic groups in the Western according to the Buddhist good governance. It was a form of administration based on the laws and traditions of the ethnic group but still held the righteousness and virtue as it was not conducive to a specific group while focusing on teamwork according to the principle of participation. It was not an opportunity for only those who were friends or relatives etc. Therefore, morality was not just one of the principles in Buddhist good governance but also an essential element in all principles and acted as a harmonization of all principles together..