Abstract:
The first phase of the research was a documentary research. The objective is to
study the roles of informal communication.
Population were documented: textbooks, articles and so on which had mentioned
the roles of informal communication. Sample group derived from purposive sampling
were articles selected from 8 databases and published in 2005-2014.
The research instruments and equipment were research record form, computers
and databases. Researcher searched articles in November, 2014 with informal
communication for the keyword which was in title, or abstract of articles. Thirteen
articles which mentioned the roles of informal communication were selected.
The research results revealed the roles of informal communication: related with
research productivity and organizational commitment, used for knowledge sharing,
used to amplify and defuse pressure, to reconcile the often conflicting secular, to
learn about the studied company, to facilitate the solving of problems, to help the
process of coordination, to accomplish international collaboration, to sub
to resolve uncertainties and to learn to trust or distrust each other.
The second phase of the research was an experimental research with pretest-
posttest control design. The objectives of this phase are (1) to compare happiness at
e workplace and job performance of employees after and before
communication with talking in riddles of experimental group and after and before
informal communication without talking in riddles of control group and (2) to compare happiness at the workplace and job performance of employees between experimental group and control group.
The sample group were 24 employees out of which 12 employees were
experimental group and 12 for control group with the matching year of work experience. Treatment of this experiment was informal communication with talking in riddles. The instruments for this research were questionnaires, papers and glue. The statistics used to analyze data were paired t-test and One-way Multivariate of Variance (one-way MANOVA).
Between before and after experiment, the results showed employees in
experimental group had different level of happiness at the workplace with a
significance at .01 level but they did not have different level of job performance. Between before and after experiment, employees in control group did different level of happiness at the workplace and job performance.
Besides this results, after experiment, the result showed that experimental
group and control group had different level of happiness at workplace with a statistical significance at .01 but experimental group and control group did not have different level of job performance.
The third phase of this research was a qualitative research with focus group
discussion and interview methods. The objectives of this phase are to explore informal communication: senders, message, channel, receivers and feedback affecting happiness sat the workplace and job performance of employees.
The key informants were 12 employees in experimental group from the second phase. For informal communication affecting happiness at the workplace, the
results revealed senders must say the topics which they like and must not say boring
topics, must use their voice accordance with situations and express lively. Message
used should consist of gossips about supervisors and guests, teasing their coworkers, fashion and beauty of women, sexual words, hot news, drama in television and favorite activities. Channels used were social networks, face-to-face conversation, and telephone. Receivers must be willing to listen, have feelings in accord with senders, react to senders, confirm the opinions of senders in accord with receivers in organizations, and touch the bodies of senders to increase amusement. Feedback must be pleasing, with a lot of fun and with friendly nonverbal languages, and no inter when having conversation.
For informal communication affecting job performance of employees, the results revealed senders must inform the objectives of jobs, ask for cooperation and speak the words that motivate the receivers. Message should be beneficial for employees who receive them, concern about job significance and praise their coworkers. Channels were social networks, face-to-face conversation, telephones, which are available in organization and small notes. Receivers must pay attention to listen t and take notes, have concentration, ask when having suspect and proceed rapidly after conversation. Feedback were used to inform about the understanding of senders speech with others, restate sender's speech, give suggestion to senders, react and give signals that will be in accord with conversation with senders.