Modification of low-cost carbon electrodes for supercapacitor applications

Name: Chanita Katavut

keyword: Pencil graphitic rod

LCSH: Supercapacitors

; Hybrid CuO/Cu(OH)2

LCSH: Electroplating

; Electrochemical deposition (ECD)

; Nitrogen insertion

Abstract: This study aims to enhance the capacitive performance of low-cost carbon electrodes for supercapacitor applications through nitric acid treatment followed by hybrid CuO/Cu(OH)2 deposition via electrochemical deposition (ECD). The ECD condition applied in this study was based on the potential-pH phase diagram calculated for copper-ammonia-water system at 297 K. Pencil graphitic rod (PR) and Eucalyptus wood bio-charcoal (BC) were used as the electrode due to their low cost, high carbon content and good conductivity. They also show an advantage of being used as electrodes without using any binder. Hybrid CuO/Cu(OH)2 deposited on pencil graphitic rod (PR) can be successfully fabricated by the developed process. It shows that oxygen- and nitrogen- containing species generated on the PR surfaces after acid treatment can further induce free Cu2+ to be close to the PR surface and form a mixture of CuO/Cu(OH)2 during the ECD process. After ECD process, the electrode prepared at 0.4 V provides higher areal capacitance (Ca) (170 mF/cm2) than that prepared at 0.9 V (88 mF/cm2) and the original PR (2.8 mF/cm2). This is because of higher CuO content and more incorporation of nitrogen species presented on the sample prepared at 0.4 V than that at 0.9 V. It can be concluded that the presence of oxygen- and nitrogen species and high CuO content plays an important role in capacitive enhancement. Preliminary study on modification of Eucalyptus wood bio-charcoals (BCs) as electrodes for supercapacitor applications was performed by following the developed treatment method. The presence of oxidized carbons and hydrophilicity on the electrode surface obtained after nitric acid treatment can improve the specific capacitance of the electrode (21,505 mF/g) by about five times compared with that of the original BC (4,045 mF/g). After ECD of CuO/Cu(OH)2 on the electrodes, the capacitances are not improved which is possibly due to slow diffusion rate of electrolyte ions and precipitation copper ion in electrolyte solution (in the case of using the solution pH 9) preventing less copper oxide composite formation. Improvement of the capacitive performance of the hybrid CuO/Cu(OH)2 deposited on BC will be investigated in future study. In conclusion, the capacitive performance of low-cost carbon electrodes (PRs and BCs) can be effectively enhanced using the developed process and the modified electrodes show a promising result for using as electrodes for supercapacitor applications

Thammasat University. Thammasat University Library

Address: BANGKOK

Email: preserv@tu.ac.th

Name: Nurak Grisdanurak

Role: advisor

Name: Panida Prompinit

Role: co-advisor

Created: 2016

Modified: 2021-08-13

Issued: 2021-08-13

วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis

application/pdf

DOI: 10.14457/TU.the.2016.1096

eng

DegreeName: Master of Engineering

Level: Master's Degree

Descipline: Chemical Engineering

Grantor: Thammasat University

©copyrights Thammasat University

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