Effect of chemical and granular organic fertilizer with hormone mixed formula (HO) and chemical fertilizer applied with calcium hydroxide on soil properties and yield promotion of oil palm
Abstract:
The purpose of this research was to study effects of chemical and granular organic fertilizer with hormone mixed formula (HO) and chemical fertilizer applied with Calcium Hydroxide on soil properties and yield promotion of oil palms. The research design was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) includes 4 times of 6 processes which were formula of T1: control, T2: Ca (HO) 2, T3: 15-15-15, T4: 15-15-15+Ca (HO) 2, T5: HO-1+ Ca (HO) 2, T6: HO-2+ Ca (HO) 2. The sample used was 24 C.P. Tenera oil palms that were 5 years of yield planted on 9x9x9 meters of cultivated area in Moo 6, Ban Thancha-om, Tungsaliam District, Sukhothai between May December 2015. The oil palms were given 5.8 Kg. of Ca (HO) once each and then watered 30 days before applying fertilizer. 6 kg. of fertilizer per one palm was applied at 3 different times in June, August and October in proportion 50:25:25 respectively to weight ratio. The experiment also includes records of the weather in the experiment area, growth rate, yield promotion, and profit and cost. Then physical and chemical properties of the HO-1, Ho-2 and chemical fertilizer were analyzed as well as soil properties before and after the experiment. ANOVA and DMRT at the level of 95% confidence were the parameters used for statistical analysis. The results revealed that the pH in soil before the experiment was 4.4, then it increased to 6.1 and 6.2 after using T5 and T6 respectively. Moreover, the HO-1 and HO-2 contain primary and secondary macronutrients as well as micronutrients, while chemical fertilizer only contains high level of primary macronutrients. The effects of fertilizer on soil showed that T5 and T6 could improve chemical properties compared with the chemical fertilizer because of OM, primary macronutrients, secondary macronutrients and micronutrients that had remained in soil after the experiment. In addition, soil properties that used T5 and T6 was decreased in Db and increased in E% and WC% which was helpful to absorb macronutrients and soil fertility. The results also revealed that the growth rate of the oil palms that used the HO-1 and HO-2 were the highest in height, trunk size and the number of leaves. In terms of yield promotion and profit, T6, T5, T4, T3, T2, T1 produced 3,353.0, 2,953.0, 2,739.4, 2,682.6, 1,455.2 and 1,410.7 Kg./Rai (1,600 m²) respectively, while T6, T5, T3, T4, T1 and T2 made profit of 9,933.0, 7,977.4, 6,947.5, 6,864.0, 2,856.0 and 2,711.0 Baht/Rai respectively. In conclusion, T6 formula could improve soil properties, increase pH, and contain macronutrients which make it produce the highest amount of palms as well as make the highest profit.