การวิเคราะห์ระบบผลิตพลังงานร่วมในโรงงาน ปาล์มน้ำมัน

Analysis of cogeneration system in palm oil factory

Name: สุรศักดิ์ สุรนันทชัย

Organization : มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีพระจอมเกล้าธนบุรี

Name: Surasak Suranuntchai

keyword: การผลิตพลังงานร่วม

; การอนุรักษ์พลังงาน

; โรงงานน้ำมันปาล์ม

Abstract: The study was limited to the normal operation of thecogeneration and electrical system of a palm oil mill plant. Anenergy audit first and second law thermodynamic analyses wereconducted. Results show that the boiler first law and second lawefficiencies were on average equal to 69.0% and 24.5% respectively,and the turbo-generator first law and second law efficiencies wereon average equal to 47% and 49.2% respectively. The results indicatedhigh moisture content in the fuel, high flue gas temperature and toomuch excess air as the major causes of the low boiler efficiency.The turbo-generator efficiency was also low .&cause of the mechanicallosses and electrical losses at the rotor and stator in the generatorof the turbo-generator set are high value.The cogeneration system first law and the second lawefficiencies were on average 5.3% and 15.1%. The heat to power ratioof the system is on average 12 during peak periods. The analysisshowed that the low efficiency of the system was due to the largedifference between the steam requirement to generate electricity ,a.ndprocess steam needs resulting in excessive steam blowout.Modeling equations for the boiler and turbo-generator wereset up. Simulation of the cogeneration system was also attempted.The modeling equations and simulation were found to agree fairlywell with available test data.Energy conservation measures towards recovering some of theexcess steam and improvements in the electrical system to reduceelectrical load were analysed. Results show a potential moneysaving of 684,562 Baht/year which is 2.8% of total 1991 energy costof the factory. The proposed measures are utilization of excesssteam to preheat the pressurized hiler feedwater and non utilizationof the generator capacitor when cogenerating electricity.A levelised cost analysis based on exergy shows that thecost of electricity and process heat in the exhaust steam from cogene-rationsystem of the factory will be about 0.63 B/kWh and 0.040 B/M-Trespectively, if the cost of the mix fuel is included, and about 0.25B/kWh and 0.016 B/M,T respectively, if the cost of the mix fuel isneglected.This study also estimates the technical feasibility of thecogeneration system in a typical palm oil mill designed for electri-citysale using a high-pressure biomass-fir& boiler and a back-pressureturbine coupled to a generator. It is found that, the atypical palm oil mill with a milling capacity of 960 tons/day couldgenerate about 950 kWe for its internal consumption and 2,523 kWeof excess power for sale.From the proposed ideal factory, the costs of electricityand heat will be about 0.61 B/kWh and 0.037 B/MJ respectively withpay-back period of about 3.8 yr, if the cost of the mix fuel isincluded, and about 0.35 B/kWh and 0.021 B/M,1 respectively with pay-backperiod of about 2.4 yr,if the cost of the mix fuel is neglected.

มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีพระจอมเกล้าธนบุรี

Address: กรุงเทพมหานคร (Bangkok)

Email: info.lib@mail.kmutt.ac.th

Name: ศ.ดร. ปรีดา วิบูลย์สวัสดิ์

Role: อาจารย์ที่ปรึกษา

Name: ผศ. สุชัย ศศิวิมลพันธุ์

Created: 2535

Issued: 2005-04-12

Modified: 2006-05-31

วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis

ISBN: 9748157873

CallNumber: MEE424

tha

DegreeName: วิศวกรรมศาสตรมหาบัณฑิต

Level: ปริญญาโท

Descipline: วิศวกรรมเครื่องกล

Grantor: มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีพระจอมเกล้าธนบุรี

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