Abstract:
The general objective of monetary policy implementation is to help achieve the ultimate targets of the economy through adoption of various monetary instruments which include : the central banks lendings via loan windows, the discounting of government bonds in repurchase markets, and alteration in the exchange rates. Owing to the increasingly-open economy associated with the more liberalized monetary policy, the Thai economy is now confronted with sensitive fluctuations. In order to precisely manipulate economic stabilization, it is this necessary to know how effective each monetary instrument has been in manipulating the economic targets. To attain the afore-mentioned objectives, this thesis has developed a small-scale macroeconometric model for Thailand, with the estimation based on quarterly data during 1989-1994. The constructed model is linked with transmission mechanism between monetary sector and production sector under the concepts of Keynesian and Monetarist. From this estimation, it shows that the equation system has a high forecasting capacity. Subsequently, each monetary instrument has been studied as to its effectiveness in terms of the precision to manipulate the economic targets, by employing the constructed model applied with the linear optimal control theory. The study reveals that the monetary instruments, which include the bank rates and the discount rate of government bonds, have high accuracy in achieving the economic targets the targets of national income, price levels and current account balance. Meanwhile, the monetary instruments which contain exchange rate measure has got no accuracy in achieving the formulated economic targets.
Abstract:
The general objective of monetary policy implementation is to help achieve the ultimate targets of the economy through adoption of various monetary instruments which include : the central bank