Abstract:
The aims of this study were to investigate the anti-tyrosinase, anti-bacterial, astringent and sun protection activities of mangosteen peel extracts. Mangosteen peel was extracted with 4 solvents including aqueous by using reflux technique, while, ethanol, ethyl acetate and dichloromethane by using soxhlet technique. Ethanolic extract was the highest yield (11.27 %). The determination of α-mangostin content by using HPLC method showed that dichloromethane and ethanolic extracts were the highest amount of alpha mangostin (17.77 18.99%). Ethanolic extract was the highest anti-tyrosinase activity with IC50 0.16±0.08 mg/ml by using Dopachrome assay. The anti-bacterial activity by using microdilution test showed that all extracts had more inhibit Candida albicans than others bacteria (Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Moreover, ethyl acetate and dichloromethane extracts showed good inhibition of Propionibacterium acnes when compared with other extracts. The result of astringent effect by using milk protein precipitation showed that aqueous extract had astringent effect. UV absorption was determined in range 200 400 nm revealed that ethanolic extract possessed as the UVB sunscreen (290 320 nm). Ethanolic extract in range 2-10% had SPF 1.09 3.92 which lower than Octyl methoxycinnamate (3.58-13.01) and Homosalate (1.81-5.58) in the same
concentration but when combinded with Octyl methoxycinnamate, Homosalate, Octocrylene and Tinosorb®S in 5% and 10% level, it was found that the SPF value increased by synergistic effect from 11 to 14 27 and from 35 to 44 56, respectively. Furthermore, the safety evaluation of F34 showed non irritation to skin of volunteers. The result satisfaction showed that volunteers more accepted from 20 % to 75 % after adapting its color like foundation (F35). From accelerated stability test of heating-cooling cycle for 6 cycles, the product remained stable with accepted a little change in color.