Abstract:
The purposes of this research were 1) to study the chemical structure of Mirabilis jalapa Linn. seeding extracts, 2) to study the tyrosinase inhibition efficiency of crude extracts of Mirabilis jalapa Linn. seeding, 3) to develop the glycerin soap from crude extracts of Mirabilis jalapa Linn. seeding, which inhibited tyrosinase activity and 4) to develop a training material on how to produce a glycerin soap from crude extracts of Mirabilis jalapa Linn. seeding. The crude extract was obtained by dissolving Mirabilis jalapa Linn. seeding in ethanol. The major components such as favonoid, phenolic, tannin and alkaloid were identified by Thin Layer Chromatography fingerprint technique. The total phenolic, tannin and flavonoid contents were determined. The efficiency of the crude extract for tyrosinase inhibition was investigated. The separation of the extract to find the chemical structure was done by column chromatography. The chemical components of the fraction with the highest tyrosinase inhibition activity was analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Then, the fraction was used to develop a glycerin soap. Some physical and chemical properties of the glycerin soap were focused. The knowledge gained from the study was used to develop the practical training material about the production of the glycerin soap from crude extracts of Mirabilis jalapa Linn. seeding. The workshop was carried out for 30 students of Science Program, Faculty of Education, Valaya Alongkorn Rajabhat University under the Royal Patronage.The results showed as follows:1) The extract of major components from Mirabilis jalapa Linn. seeding by maceration in ethanol had 4.84% yield and 27.26% of the moisture content. The identification of the major components from Mirabilis jalapa Linn. seeding by TLC fingerprinting was focused. Steroids-terpenes and flavonoid were observed but alkaloids was not found. The total phenolic content in crude extract of Mirabilis jalapa Linn. seeding was 0.76 mg of galic acid/g extract, the total tannin was 0.84 mg of tannic acid/g extract, and total flavonoid was 23.93 mg of rutin/g extract. 2) The crude extract of Mirabilis jalapa Linn. seeding showed the tyrosinase inhibition with IC50 of 0.7564 mg / mL comparing with Kojic acid ( IC50 = 0.033 mg / mL ). The separation of Mirabilis jalapa Linn. seeding crude extract by column chromatography was divided into 4 groups. The fraction with the highest tyrosinase inhibition analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry found that the chemical structures consisted of Hexadecanoic acid; methyl ester, n-Hexadecanoic acid, Hexadecanoic acid; trimethylsilyl ester, 11,14-Octadecanoic acid; methyl ester, 11-Octadecanoic acid, methyl ester, 9-Octadecanoic acid, Tetradecanal, Hexadecanoic acid; 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester, Bis(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate and 9-Octadecenal. 3) The development of glycerin soap from crude extract of Mirabilis jalapa Linn. seeding showed that the glycerin soap had odorless, light brown color and homogeneous at pH value of 9 4) The practical training material had an Index of Congruence more than 0.5. The test results before and after the training were different at the statistically significant level of 0.01 which indicated that the trainees obtained more knowledge. The satisfaction with training was at a high level ( = 4.46, S.D. = 0.52).