Abstract:
The objectives of this research were 1) to study the competency of water management in order to prevent and to solve the problems of flooding situation operating by Drainage and Sewerage Department in Bangkok Metropolitan Administration 2) to assess the potential factors of water management in order to prevent and solve the problem of flooding situation operating by Drainage and Sewerage Department in Bangkok Metropolitan Administration 3) to propose the practical methods to improve the factors affected to the competency of water management in order to prevent and solve the problems of flooding situation operating by Drainage and Sewerage Department in Bangkok Metropolitan Administration. This study employed mixed methods research which combined qualitative research and quantitative research. The qualitative research approach was conducted by in - depth interviewing with 32 key informants who were selected by purposive sampling technique from 5 groups of people as follows: 1) 2 persons from the policy authorized Administrators of Bangkok Metropolitan Administration 2) 24 persons from the directors and the operators from Drainage and Sewerage Department, Bangkok Metropolitan Administration 3) 2 persons from public representatives/civil society in research area 4) 2 persons from private sector in research area and 5) 2 technocrats. The data were analyzed by using content analysis. The quantitative approach was conducted by studying 400 samples, who were selected by simple random sampling technique from the population of 3,014,597 in 42 districts of Bangkok which were affected by the flooding. The sample size was derived by using a table of Taro Yamane size discrepancy +5% data were collected using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics consists percentage, mean and standard deviation. The research findings were as follows: 1) The competency of water management of the Drainage and Sewerage Department in Bangkok Metropolitan Administration which aimed to prevent and to solve flooding problem in association with the government policy were presented in high level in overall perspective by creating the unity of the management in the concurrence direction sustainable problem solving, focus on a rush drainage management and participation in obstacles eliminating along waterway comprising roads, constructions obstructing water drainage management including weed and garbage termination. Also drainage equipment and water pushing - machines were mounted in several areas to push the water into the sea as quickly as possible which complied with the 3rd strategy of BMA Development Plan in developing the Green Bangkok. Their objectives were to increase the drainage system efficiency comprising the guideline for solving the critical point on main road flooding, guideline in supplying for water detention basin (Kaem Ling project area) and guideline for construct and improve meant of floodwalls, and the Flood Control Center of Bangkok was established in the Drainage and Sewerage Department. 2)Policy factors caused more effects on the competency of water management by Drainage and Sewerage Department in Bangkok Metropolitan Administration than on the factors of water management as follow: the aspects of leadership, support, management resources, technology, network creation, coordination between government sector and private sector and cooperation between stakeholders were at moderate levels ( = 3.94 and 3.49) (1) the competency in policy level directly affecting the goal attainment included stakeholder satisfactions and the sustainable water management in Bangkok by the Drainage and Sewerage Department. It was found that the competency of water management in overall were at high levels both in the aspect of policy objectives and policy performance while policy assessment was at moderate level, (2) the competency level of water management in overall was at moderate level. While considered in each aspect found that 2.1) Policy factors caused the most effects on the goal achievement ( = 3.89), followed by is the sustainable water management ( = 3.43) and stakeholder satisfactions ( =3.29) 2.2) the competency level of water management caused the most effects on the sustainable water management ( = 3.67), followed by the goal achievement ( = 3.00) and stakeholder satisfactions ( = 2.89). 3) The guidelines for competency improving of water management performed by the Drainage and Sewerage Department in Bangkok Metropolitan Administration consisted of five major activities as follows: (1) the sustainable and systematic water management guidelines should be established and integrated with several units from outside and inside BMA (2) the further studies on the guidelines of water management from academicians in specific area should be conducted and its result should be utilized in preventing and solving flooding problems (3) the measures for waterway invasion problem solving in Bangkok should be determined to eliminate the obstacles of water drainage (4) further study on underground dam construction should be conducted to prevent and to solve flooding problem in Bangkok (5) the best model of success should be adapted as the best practice appropriately in Thailand.