Ranaya Chindatat. Life cycle environmental impact assessment of sa paper : case study of Nheun Po-Kra-Dat-Sa, Chiang Mai. Master's Degree(Technology of Environmental Management). Mahidol University. : Mahidol University, 2009-07-23.
Life cycle environmental impact assessment of sa paper : case study of Nheun Po-Kra-Dat-Sa, Chiang Mai
Abstract:
The main purpose of this research was to assess environmental impact potential for the entire life cycle of the Sa paper and also to identify the significant production processes. The life cycle of Sa paper was divided into 4 steps: production of raw materials, transportation, Sa paper production and disposal. A total of 6 environmental impact potentials: global warming, ozone depletion, acidification, eutrophication, photochemical smog and resource consumption were studied. Impact assessment was calculated using Sima Pro 5.1 program with Eco Indicator-99 and Environmental Design of Industrial Product method (EDIP). Inventory data were collected from the factory, related documents and the program database. The functional unit in this study was 1 ton of Sa paper.
From EDIP method, it was found that the amount of global warming potential is 847 kg CO2-eq, ozone depletion potential is 0.527 g CFC11-eq, acidification potential is 7.12 kg SO2-eq, eutrophication potential is 19.6 kg NO3-eq, photochemical smog potential is 0.165 kg ethene and resources (all) is 0.0191 kg.
Additionally, the results showed that the impact potential is mainly from Sa paper production followed by production of raw materials, transportation and disposal respectively. In the Sa paper production step, cooking and refining steps are the most significant processes because of the high amount of water used. The main environmental impacts of Sa paper production are Natural gas, Logs to stock and NaOH which contribute 26.8%, 23.5% and 19.5% respectively.