Abstract:
The purpose of this research is to develop a model of clinical supervision for head nurses by DelPhi technique, with experts including 19 of chlinical supervision experts and educational supervision experts.The research results found that model of chlinical supervision for head nurses consist of 3 steps 1 the planing of clinical supervision in long-term, medium-term and short-term as follows 1) The planning of clinical supervision consist of 8 procedures such as plan clinical supervision in long-term, medium-term and short-term by head nurses, collect data to analyze weakness and strengthenness for planning, collect data to analyze weaknes and strengtheness for planning, categorize the needs of supervision every period, establish clinical supervision goals, organize activities or projects to comply with goals and objectives of each plan and determine period for preparing clinical supervision. 2) Individual supervision plan consist of 5 procedures such as make supervision schedule, determine titles of schedule in daily and weekly supervision schedule, determine titles of schedule in daily and weekly supervision activities, take the titles of schedule to make plan by devide follow nursing personnel, nursing practice and clinical instruments and make form for recording supervision activities. 3) The planning of clinical supervision evaluation consist of 5 procedures such as determine objectives and guidelines for evaluation ahead set evaluating and collecting instruments, plan for data collecting and determine principles for evaluation and supervision that comply with objectives. Step 2 Taking clinical supervision plan to practice in long-term, medium-term and short-term as follows 1) Puting a whole clinical supervision plan of unit into practice, which consist of 7 procedures such as head nurses organize meeting with personnel in unit, open opportunities for participants to show their opinion, set who responsible in each activity and supervision plan, analyze results of supervision practicing and improve supervision methods for appropriateness. 2) Putting individual clinical supervision plan into practice, which consist of 5 procedures such as head nurses examine possibility of weekly and daily supervision plan, may change plan if situation is changed, record results of practicing, analyze results of supervision follow paln's objectives and improve weekly and daily supervision plan at the last of day and weekend. Step 3 The evaluation of clinical supervisions that are already practiced in long-term, medium-term and short-term and medium-term consist of 5 procedures such as analyze results of supervision practicing by conmittee, evaluate results of supervision in each activities and / or projects, set the time to evaluate clinical supervision and take the results to improve supervision plan, write annual/quarter/monthly reports. 2) The evaluation of clinical supervision in short-term consist of 3 procedures such as analyze results of clinical supervision in monthly, weekly and daily, take results of clinical supervision plan to improve, record results of clinical supervision evaluation to use in evaluation in long-term and medium-term.