The production of azospirillum biofertilizer for rice cultivation and monitoring their existences during rice growth

Name: Panida Preepremmot

LCSH: Kasetsart University -- Dissertations. Ph.D. (Agricultural Research and Development) 2020

LCSH: Kasetsart University. -- Department of Agricultural Research and Development -- Dissertations

Classification :.LCCS: S667.R5

LCSH: Rice -- Fertilizers

LCSH: Rice -- Growth

LCSH: Azospirillum

LCSH: Biofertilizers

LCSH: Nitrogen fertilizers

Abstract: Azospirillum is considered to be an important biofertilizer for promoting cereal crop growth and yield. This study aimed to isolate Azospirillum spp. from the paddy fields in Thailand, screen the efficiency of Azospirillum spp., and develop the Azospirillum product as well as detect its effect and existence in the field. The study was conducted from 2016 to 2019 at the Land Development Department and farmers’ paddy fields in Ang Thong and Suphan Buri Provinces. The study was divided into 6 experiments: 1) The efficiency of Azospirillum spp. isolated from rice roots and rhizosphere soil on nitrogenase activity and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production for rice growth promotion. Fifty-eight isolates of Azospirillum were found. All isolates were screened using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with Azospirillum-specific primers and identified using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Those species included Azospirillum brasilense, A. lipoferum, A. oryzae and A. formosense at 54, 1, 1 and 2 isolates, respectively. The nitrogenase activity of various species was determined and found in the range of 17.8-1,212.0 nmol C2H4/mg protein/h. Meanwhile, IAA production was in the range of 8.8-114.7 µg/ml. The dominant species in the promotion of rice growth in a greenhouse were A. brasilense NMr9-2 and A. brasilense NMr8-1; 2) The effect of pH and temperature of culture-medium during the production of Azospirillum inoculants were assessed. The results found that the appropriate pH and temperature for growing A. brasilense NMr8-1 and A. brasilense NMr9-2 in a BTB-2 medium were 6.0-7.5 at 30-35 oC and 7.0 at 30 oC, respectively; 3) In terms of the development of Azospirillum product for rice cultivation, the Azospirillum product was developed in 9 formulations. The formulation of moist compost (MC) produced high shelf-life, while the population of A. brasilense NMr8-1 and NMr9-2 were in the range of 1.95x106 - 7.24x108 and 1.91x105 - 1.78x109 cfu/g, respectively, during storage for 6-8 months in a refrigerator. Azospirillum product in MC enhanced plant dry weight and shoot N (14.05 g and 2.48%, respectively) at the seedling stage in a greenhouse better than those of other products; 4) The efficiency of Azospirillum product on rice growth and yield under greenhouse condition. The results showed that the use of Azospirillum product enhanced cause of the lower percentage of unfilled grain than control. The utilization of Azospirillum product in MC at 1.0 g/pot promoted greater rice yield than others; 5) The effect of Azospirillum product (ABco) on the growth and yield of Pathum Thani 1 rice under field condition. The results for the Ang Thong field experiment showed that using ABco, with or without N fertilizer, produced greater nitrogenase activity in the rice root than control. Moreover, the application of ABco produced comparable grain yield (960.1–1,036.9 kg/rai) to that of recommended N fertilizer treatment. In the Suphan Buri field experiment, the application of ABco promoted rice height, tillering, panicle number and grain yield at 88.43 cm, 13.16 tillers/hill, 12.54 panicles/hill and 568.3 kg/rai, respectively, which were greater than with no inoculation; 6) Monitoring Azospirillum during rice growth. The results found that A. brasilense NMr8-1 and A. brasilense NMr9-2 in ABco could survive in soil rhizosphere and rice roots during rice growth when detected by Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE). The DNA bands from the use of ABco were very similar to those of both isolates in ABco and darker than that of no inoculation. The population of Azospirillum in inoculated treatments was higher than non-inoculated treatments.

Kasetsart University. Office of the University Library

Address: Bangkok

Email: tdckulib@ku.ac.th

Name: Thongchai Mala

Role: Thesis Advisor

Name: Suphachai Amkha

Role: Thesis CO-Advisor

Name: Sirinapa Chungopast

Role: Thesis CO-Advisor

Created: 2020

Modified: 2025-08-01

Issued: 2025-08-01

วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis

application/pdf

URL: https://www.lib.ku.ac.th/KUthesis/2563/panida-pre-all.pdf

CallNumber: S667.R5 .P38

eng

DegreeName: Doctor of Philosophy

Level: Doctoral Degraee

Descipline: Agricultural Research and Development

Grantor: Kasetsart University

©copyrights Kasetsart University

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