Development and application of vaccine for the prevention of emerging Tilapia Lake Virus in Tilapia

Name: Puntanat Tattiyapong.

LCSH: Kasetsart University -- Dissertations. Ph.D. (Genetic Engineering and Bioinformatics) 2023.

Classification :.LCCS: SH179.T35

LCSH: Kasetsart University. -- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program -- Dissertations.

LCSH: Tilapia -- Diseases

LCSH: Tilapia -- Infection.

LCSH: Tilapia -- Pathogens.

LCSH: Fishes -- Pathogens.

Abstract: Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV), the causative agent of Tilapia Lake Virus Disease (TiLVD), has been responsible for significant economic losses in tilapia farming and industries worldwide. This has created an urgent need for the development of effective preventive and treatment measures. To date, control measures against TiLV rely on biosecurity and adequate farm management practices, rapid diagnostics, and restrictions on live fish movement. Recently, fish stocks vaccination emerged as an effective method for preventing diseases in aquaculture, aiming to induce host immunity against infectious pathogens. This study aims to investigate to develop new immunological tools for vaccine efficacy testing and develop the potential candidate vaccine as well as evaluate vaccine efficacy against TiLV. A novel immunohistochemistry (IHC) platform for TiLV detection in fish tissues was developed, providing insights into cellular tropism, and distribution patterns, and proposing endotheliotropism and lymphotropism of the virus. Moreover, the new IHC efficiently detected TiLV in infected tilapia and across different fish species. An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for TiLV antibody detection and antibody level monitoring during TiLV infection. Using a new ELISA, the results showed a rapid and persistent antibody response against TiLV in tilapia. These immunity responses were confirmed to be protective immunity against TiLV by challenging red hybrid tilapia either through cohabitation or intraperitoneal injection. The results suggested the potential for a single vaccination to confer protection against TiLV throughout the grow-out period. An immersion based TiLV vaccine incorporating chitosan nanoparticles–the TiLV nanovaccine–was developed. Mucoadhesive properties enhancing antigen uptake through fish gills were observed via fluorescent microscopy and the developed IHC platform. Efficacy assessments revealed superior relative percent survival (RPS) and heightened TiLV-specific antibody responses in both laboratory-controlled challenges and field trials. The immersion based TiLV nanovaccine offers practical advantages, including easy administration, reduced labor intensity, and the potential for mass vaccination. In conclusion, these studies introduced a new IHC platform for efficient TiLV detection and an ELISA platform for specific antibody detection during TiLV exposure as well as a promising nanovaccine against TiLV. The research significantly contributes to providing practical tools for effective TiLV control and management.

Kasetsart University. Office of the University Library

Address: Bangkok

Email: tdckulib@ku.ac.th

Name: Win Surachetpong

Role: Thesis Advisor

Name: Siriwan Prapong

Role: Thesis Co-Advisor

Created: 2023

Modified: 2025-06-24

Issued: 2025-06-24

วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis

วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis

application/pdf

URL: http://www.lib.ku.ac.th/KUthesis/2566/puntanat-tatt-all.pdf

CallNumber: SH179.T35.P86

eng

DegreeName: Doctor of Philosophy

Level: Doctoral Degree

Descipline: Genetic Engineering and Bioinformatics

Grantor: Kasetsart University

©copyrights Kasetsart University

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