Abstract:
This research aimed: to explore consumers trends on bread products development; to study basic formula, the quality of lotus seed flour, the appropriate formula for the development of gluten-free bread from lotus seed flour and Riceberry rice flour in bread production; and to examine the quality of gluten-free bread products from lotus seed flour and Riceberry rice flour.
Questionnaires were used to check consumers trends on bread products development with 100 internet users. Optimum formula for using lotus seed flour and Riceberry rice flour was tested. Two factors were examined: lotus seed flour and Riceberry rice flour. The examined formulas included 25/75, 50/50, 75/25 and 100/0. CRD was employed in an experiment plan. The flour was selected by analyzing its physical and chemical quality, its microbes, and its storage. Consumers acceptance and the cost of producing bread were also studied.
The results showed that the consumers ranked the levels of the important factors to buy bread products as follows: 4.77 on the products, 4.54 on the price, 4.66 on the package, 4.43 on the location and 4.17 on the sale promotion. Regarding the basis recipe selected by checking the quality through the sensory evolution, it was found that, as a whole, Jitana Jammek and Onanong Naiwikuls first recipe was the appropriate recipe in making bread. The study on the quality of lotus seed flour demonstrated that the lotus seed flour color value were L* 37.23, a* 5.38 and b* 11.10. The lotus seed flour moisture was 9.65 %wb. The test on the appropriate formula revealed that the gluten-free bread products from the lotus seed and the Riceberry rice flour with the percentage of 50/50 resulted in the mean at the highest average level in every aspect and the whole preference was at a high level, 7.74, which was higher than the basic formula bread with value of protein, ash, fiber and vitamin E; 11.21, 7.65, 5.07 and 0.77, respectively. Moisture in bread was 35.40%wb. Anthocyanin content was 0.11 mg/g. Total phenolic content was 2.31 mgGAE/g. Antioxidant activity was 4.62 mgTE/g. Specific volume was 5.75 g/cm[superscript3]. The storage was possibly done no more than three days at room temperature. Regarding consumer acceptance, the results indicated 98% of consumer acceptance and for the cost of bread, the results of the study showed that the total cost per recipe was 70.58 Baht.